{"id":92,"date":"2022-06-27T15:58:05","date_gmt":"2022-06-27T19:58:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.citadel.edu\/biology\/?page_id=92"},"modified":"2023-08-14T13:43:10","modified_gmt":"2023-08-14T17:43:10","slug":"graduate-course-descriptions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.citadel.edu\/biology\/graduate-course-descriptions\/","title":{"rendered":"Graduate Course Descriptions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-biology-graduate-course-descriptions\">Biology Graduate Course Descriptions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.citadel.edu\/graduatecollege\/-requestmoreinfo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Request More Information<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 502 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<br>Laboratory: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A study of the comparative anatomy of vertebrate animals. Emphasis will be placed on the evolution of organ systems in response to environmental pressures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 506 Ecology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: four hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An introduction to the study of biological interrelationships and the effects of the environment on the structure and function of animal and plant systems. Laboratory will emphasize methods and materials of ecological investigations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 508 Genetics <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<br>Laboratory: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A study of inheritance, including Mendelian genetics, molecular genetics, changes in chromosome structure and number, cytogenetics, and population genetics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 509 Marine Biology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: four hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The lectures cover major ecological factors and the fundamentals of oceanography. Laboratory work stresses familiarity with species, taxonomic methods, sampling procedures, experimental design, use of equipment, and data handling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 510 Vertebrate Natural History <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<br>Laboratory: two hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An introduction to the classification, ecology, evolution and distribution of the vertebrates. Laboratory with emphasis on identification and field study techniques, especially with respect to the vertebrates of South Carolina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 512 Descriptive Histology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: four hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A detailed study of the chief types of animal tissues and a description of the histology and organs. Laboratory work includes microscopic study of cells, tissues, and organs of animals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 514 The Vascular Flora of South Carolina <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: four hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An introductory study of the native vascular flora of South Carolina, emphasizing the identification and collection of native plants. The student will have practice in use of taxonomic keys and in preparation of specimens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 518 Ornithology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: four hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A study of the structure, function, and ecology of birds. Field trips and bird specimens will give students a working knowledge of birds common to South Carolina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 519 Economic Botany <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An course in economic botany devoted to the consideration of plants which are useful or harmful to humans, their origins and history, botanical relationships, chemical constituents which make them economically important, and their roles in prehistoric and modern cultures and civilizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 526 Freshwater Biology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: four hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study of freshwater organisms and their environment. Instruction will cover the biological diversity, ecological and physiological adaptations, and the physical setting of freshwater systems. Local systems of interest include large coastal rivers and lakes, upper portions of estuaries, and old rice fields.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 532 Developmental Biology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Four Credit Hours <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lecture: three hours<br>Laboratory: three hours&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A study of animal embryology and its molecular control, including:\u00a0processes of fertilization; the processes of cleavage, gastrulation,\u00a0and neurulation; the formation of tissues and organs from the\u00a0three primordial germ layers; the role of secondary induction\u00a0and of hormones in development; the role of the environment in\u00a0development; and some of the techniques of molecular biology that\u00a0are used in the study of developmental processes. The laboratory\u00a0will include use of model systems to investigate the principles\u00a0discussed in lecture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 601 Evolution of Animals <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A review of evolutionary principles and general morphology of animal kingdom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 602 Morphological Survey of Plant Kingdoms <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: two hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An advanced course in comparative morphology, life history, and phylogeny of the vascular and nonvascular plants. The laboratory will include work on structural and developmental relationships as applied to morphological and anatomical interpretations of the vascular and nonvascular plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 603 General Physiology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A study of the general principles of animal physiology. Emphasis will be placed on cellular, tissue, and organ system function and how these are integrated to allow the organism to respond and succeed in its environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 604 Marine Invertebrates <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<br>Laboratory: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A study of marine invertebrates and their environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 605 Laboratory Methods in Biology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<br>Laboratory: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The fundamental principles of biological processes and the techniques of teaching biology in secondary\/middle schools are studied. Emphasis will be placed on sources and preparation of materials for laboratory and classroom projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 606 Field Methods in Biology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: one hour<br>Laboratory: four hour<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An examination of the methods used by field biologists emphasizing experimental design, sampling techniques and data analysis. Classroom discussion will be supplemented by practical field experience. Topics will include the measurement of primary productivity, estimation of animal population size, plant community composition and diversity and the correlation of environmental factors with species distribution. And effort will be made to use procedures and field situations that are accessible to local teacher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 607 Microbiology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<br>Laboratory: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A general coverage of the anatomy, morphology, ecology, and chemistry of microorganisms. The emphasis in this course will be on bacteria. However, some time will be spent on the study of fungi, viruses, rickettsiae&nbsp;and protozoans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 609 Seminar in Environmental Studies <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A series of field trips, lectures, and experiences designed to develop and understanding of the environment as it affects man&#8217;s well-being now and in the future. This course is especially designed for teachers and counselors, grades K-12, in all disciplines. Classes will normally meet daily from 8:30a.m. to 2:00p.m. for a period of two weeks during a summer session. Outside field work is required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 610 Special Topics in Biology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Variable Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This course is designed for the study of specialized topics in modern biology. The subject for each course will be announced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 611 Graduate Research <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Variable Credit Hours<br>Prerequisite: permission of instructor<br>hours by arrangement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research problems in various areas of biology will be designed to introduce the student to the planning and execution of research experimentation\/and the presentation of research findings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 612 Cell and Molecular Biology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An in depth explanation of the cell surface, organelles, and metabolism of different cell types. This course integrates cell biology, molecular biology, and biochemistry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 621 Aquatic Toxicology <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Four Credit Hours<br>Lecture: three hours<br>Laboratory: three hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An introduction to assessing the effects of toxic substances on aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Topics include general principles of toxicology, fate and transport models, quantitative structure-activity relationships, single-species and community-level toxicity measures, regulatory issues, and career opportunities. Examples will be drawn from marine, freshwater and brackish water systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 624 Molecular Genetics and Recombinant DNA: Theory, Practice, and Issues <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: two hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The fundamental principles and applications of recombinant DNA technology will be discussed and demonstrated. Emphasis will be placed on sources and preparation of materials for classroom activities. Social issues involving recombinant DNA technology will also be explored.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>BIOL 631 Environmental Physiology &amp; Biochemical<br>Adaptations of Animals <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Credit Hours<br>Lecture: two hours<br>Laboratory: two hours<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This course will study the effects of such parameters as salinity, oxygen, temperature and elevation or depth on marine and terrestrial animal physiology and the biochemical adaptations made by animals to these environments.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biology Graduate Course Descriptions Request More Information BIOL 502 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy Four Credit HoursLecture: three hoursLaboratory: three hours A study of the comparative anatomy of vertebrate animals. Emphasis will be placed on the evolution of organ systems in response to environmental pressures. BIOL 506 Ecology Four Credit HoursLecture: two hoursLaboratory: four hours An introduction [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-92","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.8 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Graduate Course Descriptions - Department of Biology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Citadel&#039;s biology graduate course descriptions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.citadel.edu\/biology\/graduate-course-descriptions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Graduate Course Descriptions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Citadel&#039;s biology graduate course descriptions.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.citadel.edu\/biology\/graduate-course-descriptions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Department of Biology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-14T17:43:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.citadel.edu\\\/biology\\\/graduate-course-descriptions\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.citadel.edu\\\/biology\\\/graduate-course-descriptions\\\/\",\"name\":\"Graduate Course Descriptions - 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